If you need to measure high-speed electrical
signals, the dual-channel 12 GHz PicoScope 9000 sampling oscilloscopes delivers the ultimate price/performance.
PicoScope
9000 Series PC Based
Oscilloscopes
Sequential
Sampling
The PicoScope 9201A & 9211A uses digital sequential sampling technology to acquire and display high-bandwidth waveforms.
A sampling oscilloscope does not continuously monitor the input signal
applied to the channel, but looks at it only at discrete points in
time. At each point, the oscilloscope samples the signal and
stores a replica of the input voltage on an input sampling capacitor
Sequential sampling means:
Used with repetitive signals,
NRZ or RZ
Wide-bandwidth applications
(> 10 GHz)
One sample is taken for each
trigger
Multiple trigger events build
up waveform
No pre-trigger information
Easy to use Interface
The PicoScope 9000 has an intuitive Windows graphical user interface, so you won’t have to spend a lot of time learning to use the instrument. Pull-down menus give you easy access to advanced features, and icons provide quick access to an extensive set of common tests and measurements.
12 GHz Bandwidth
The wide
bandwidth specification provides acquisition and measurement
of fast signals with a transient response of 50 ps or faster.
Timebase stability, accuracy, and resolution of 200 fs allow
characterisation of jitter in the most demanding applications.
10
GHz High-Frequency Trigger
The PicoScope 9000 has a built-in high-frequency trigger.
The bandwidth of up to 10 GHz allows
measurements of microwave components with extremely fast data
rates.
Built-in 1 GHz Direct Trigger
The PicoScope 9000 is equipped with built-in direct trigger for signals
up to 1 GHz repetition rate without using additional trigger
units.
Built-in 2.7 Gb/s clock recovery
Clock Recovery triggering is needed in cases where a trigger signal is not available. This method is available to derive a timing reference directly from the waveform to be measured. The bit rate on the PS9211 clock recovery module covers the most popular electrical lines used today.
The PicoScope 9211A, 9221A, and 9231A have a dedicated clock-recovery trigger input for serial data from 12.3 Mb/s to 2.7 Gb/s.
Time-Domain Reflectometry and Time-Domain Transmissometry Measurement and Analysis
Time-Domain Reflectometry and Time-Domain Transmissometry Measurement and Analysis
The PicoScope 9211A and 9231A TDR/TDT Oscilloscopes are specially designed for time-domain reflectometry (TDR) and time-domain transmissometry (TDT). It provides a low- cost method of testing cables, connectors, circuit boards and IC packages for unwanted reflections and losses.
The PicoScope 9211A and 9231A work by launching pulses into the device under test using one of their two independently programmable, 100-ps rise-time step generators. They then use their 12 GHz sampling inputs to build up a picture from a sequence of reflected or transmitted pulses. The results can be displayed as volts, ohms or rho against time or distance.
Pulse parameter measurements
The
PicoScope 9000 quickly measures more than 40 pulse parameters.
Up to ten simultaneous measurements or four statistics
measurements are supported. No need to count graticules and
estimate the waveform’s position. The measurements
conform to the IEEE standards.
Optical-to-electrical converter
The PicoScope 9221A and 9231A have a built-in 8 GHz’ optical electrical converter. This allows analysis of optical signals such as SONET/SDH OC1 to OC48, Fibre Channel FC133 to FC4250, and G.984.2. The converter input accepts both single-mode (SM) and multimode (MM) fibers and has a wavelength range of 750 to 1650 nm.
A selection of Bessel-Thomson filters can be purchased separately for use with specific optical standards.
Powerful mathematical
analysis
The PicoScope 9000 supports up to four simultaneous mathematical
combinations and functional transformation of acquired
waveforms.
You can select any of the mathematical
functions as a maths operator to act on the operand or
operands. A waveform maths operator is a maths function that
requires either one or two sources. The operators that involve
two waveform sources are: Add, Subtract, Multiply, and Divide.
The operators that involve one waveform source are: Invert, Absolute,
Exponent, Logarithm, Differentiate, Integrate, Inverse, FFT,
Interpolation, Smoothing.
Histogram analysis
A
histogram is a probability distribution that shows the distribution
of acquired data from a source within a user definable histogram window.
The information gathered by the histogram is used to perform
statistical analysis on the source.
Histograms
can be constructed on waveforms on either the vertical or
horizontal axes. The most common use for a vertical histogram
is measuring and characterizing noise on displayed waveforms,
while the most common use for a horizontal histogram is
measuring and characterizing jitter on displayed waveforms.
Eye-diagram
analysis
The PicoScope 9000 quickly measures more than 30 fundamental
parameters used to characterize non-return to- zero (NRZ)
signals and return-to-zero (RZ) signals. Up to four parameters
can be measured simultaneously.
Mask testing
For
eye-diagram masks, such as those specified by the
SONET and SDH standards, the PicoScope 9000 supports
on-board mask
drawing for visual comparison. The display
can be grey-scaled
or colour-graded to aid in analysing noise and jitter in eye diagrams.
FFT analysis
All PicoScope 9000 Series oscilloscopes can perform up to 2 Fast Fourier Transforms of input signals using a range of windowing functions. FFTs are useful for finding crosstalk problems, finding distortion problems in analog waveforms caused by non-linear amplifiers, adjusting filter circuits designed to filter out certain harmonics in a waveform, testing impulse responses of systems, and identifying and locating noise and interference sources.
Pattern sync trigger and eye line mode
The PicoScope 9211A, 9221A and 9231A can internally generate a pattern sync trigger derived from bit rate, pattern length, and trigger divide ratio. This enables it to build up an eye pattern from any specified bit or group of bits in a sequence.
Eye line mode works with the pattern sync trigger to isolate any one of the 8 posssible paths, called eye lines, that the signal can make through the eye diagram. This allows the instrument to display averaged eye diagrams showing a specified eye line.
Software Development Kit
The PicoScope 9000 software can be operated as a standalone oscilloscope program and as an ActiveX control. The ActiveX control conforms to the Windows COM model and can be embedded in your own software. Programming examples are provided in Visual Basic (VB.NET), LabVIEW and Delphi, but any programming language or standard that supports the COM standard can be used, including JavaScript and C.
A comprehensive Programmer’s Guide is supplied that details every function of the ActiveX control.
The SDK can control the oscilloscope over the USB or the LAN port.
LAN or USB Interface
Applications for sampling oscilloscopes vary dramatically. The PS9211A
and
PS9231A adds the capabilty of being controlled via USB or LAN. Therefore if you application requires you to be right next to the scope or if the scope needs to be placed remotely the scope will not limit you.
PicoScope 9000 Applications
Below is a incomplete list of where the PicoScope 9000 sampling oscilloscopes may be used. If you are unsure if your particular application fits within the range of tests the PS9000 can do, feel free to give us a call or send us an email and we can discuss it further in detail with you.
Signal
Analysis
Electrical
standards compliance testing
Spectrum analysis
Statistical analysis
Eye-diagram analysis
Timing
Analysis
Automatic
parametric measurements
Pulsed RF switches
Compliance testing
R
& D
Microwave &
RF characterisation
High-energy physics
Digital design
Informative
waveform displays
High
Speed Digital Communications
Design and
verification of telecom and datacoms elements
Manufacturing and
testing for ITU / ANSI conformance
Semiconductor
Testing
Microwave &
RF characterisation
High-energy physics
Digital design
Informative
waveform displays
Manufacturing
Limit and mask
testing
Testing for ITU /
ANSI conformance
Automatic test
systems
Auto-calibration
routine
Kit contents
PicoScope 9000 Series
Sampling
Oscilloscope
2 x SMA M-F connector
savers
(PS 9201A and 9211A only)
3 x SMA M-F connector
savers
(PS 9221A and 9231A only)
Rise Time, 10% to 90%
calculated from Tr=0.35/BW Full
Bandwidth
Narrow Bandwidth
= 29.2 pS
= 43.7 pS
RMS noise, maximum Full
Bandwidth
Narrow Bandwidth
< 2 mV
< 1.5 mV
Note: Averaging reduces noise, until a system
limitation of approximately 100 μV RMS is reached
Scale factors (sensitivity)
2 mV/div to 500 mV/div (full scale is 8 divisions).
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0.5% fine increments.
DC Voltage Accuracy
±2% of full vertical scale ±2 mV at a temperature
within ± 3°C of vertical calibration temperature
DC Offset Range
Adjustable from -1 V to 1 V in 25 mV increments
(coarse). Also adjustable in fine increments of 1
mV.
Nominal input impedance
(50 ± 1)
Ω
Input connectors
SMA (F)
Timebase (horizontal)
Timebases
Main, Intensified, Delayed, or Dual Delayed
Scale Factors Main Time Base Delayed Time Bases
Full scale is 10 divisions
10 ps/div to 50 ms/div.
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0,1% fine increment.
10 ps/div to current Main Time Base setting.
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0.1% fine increments.
Sampling Methods Sequential Equivalent Time
Sampling Combine Equivalent Time
Sampling Sequential Real Time
Sampling
Acquires one sample per trigger. Time base from
10 ps/div to <1 μs/div.
Acquires a packet of samples per one trigger.
Time Base from =1 μs/div to <10 μs/point.
Acquires full acquisition per one trigger. Time
Base from =10 μs/point to 50 ms/div.
Delta time interval accuracy
For >450 ps/div: ±0,2% of of Delta Time Interval
± 15 ps.
For =450 ps/div: ± 15 ps or ± 5% of of Delta
Time Interval ± 5 ps, whichever is smaller.
Note: at a temperature within ± 3°C of horizontal
calibration temperature.
Typical Timing Accuracy
The time base uses a series of near 4.7-ns blocks.
Time base linearity and small discontinuities
across these blocks contribute to the 15-ps
accuracy specification.
Variable Delay (Time offset
relative to trigger)
Up to 10000 screen widths of Delayed Time Base
or 499.95 ms, whichever is smaller.
Minimum Delay (Minimum
time offset relative to trigger)
<40 ns
Display Units
Time or Bit Period
Time interval resolution
=(screen width) / (record length) or 200 fs,
whichever is larger.
Note: The time interval resolution is the smallest
time you can resolve between two points.
Trigger
Trigger sources
External Direct Trigger, External Prescaled
Trigger, Internal Clock Trigger (internally
connected to direct trigger)
Trigger Modes
Triggered: causes the scope to trigger
synchronously with the trigger input signal.
Freerun: causes the scope to generate its own
triggers.
Trigger Holdoff
Adjustable from 5 μs to 1 s in a 1-2-5-10
sequence, or in 8 ns increments.
Internal Clock Repetition Rate
16 ns to 2 ms in a 1-2-5-10 sequence, or in 8 ns
increments.
Direct trigger bandwidth and sensitivity
100 mV p-p DC to 100 MHz, increasing linearly from 100 mV p-p at 100 MHz to
200 mV p-p at 1 GHz
Prescaled trigger bandwidth and sensitivity
200 mV p-p to 2 V p-p from 1 GHz to
7 GHz, 300 mV p-p to 1 V p-p from 7 to 8
GHz, 400 mV p-p to 1 V p-p 8 to 10 GHz
typical
Trigger RMS jitter, maximum
4 ps + 20 ppm of delay setting
Acquisition
ADC resolution
16 bits
Vertical Resolution
125 μV/LSB or less without averaging. Up to 16
bits with averaging
Operating input voltage
With Digital Feedback (Single-valued signal
acquisition): 1 V p-p at ±1 V range.
Without Digital Feedback (Multi-valued signal
acquisition): ±300 mV relative to channel offset.
±400 mV relative to channel offset, typical.
Maximum Safe Input Voltage
16 dBm, or ± 2 V (DC + peak AC)
Deskew (The difference in
delay between channels)
Can be nulled out with 1-ps resolution to
compensate for differences in input cables or
probe length. Up to 100 ns of skew can be nulled
out.
Attenuation Range Units Scale
Attenuation factors may be entered to scale the
oscilloscope for external attenuators connected to
the channel inputs
0.00001:1 to 1,000,000:1
Ratio or dB
Volt, Watt, Ampere, or Unknown
Channel-to-channel isolation
DC to
=45 dB for input frequency DC to 8.5 GHz, =35 dB
for input frequency >8.5 GHz to 12 GHz./span>
Digitizing rate
DC to
200 kHz maximum
Acquisition modes
Sample (normal), average, envelope, or peak detect
Data record length
32 to 4096 points maximum per channel in x2 sequence
Vertical bars, horizontal bars (measure volts) or waveform markers (x and +)
Automatics measurements
Up to 40 automatic pulse measurements
Histogram
Vertical or horizontal
Mathematics
Up to four math waveforms can be defined and displayed
FFT
Up to two fast Fourier transforms can be run simultaneously with the built-in filters (Rectangular, Nicolson,
Hanning, Flattop, Blackman- Harris and Kaiser-Bessel)
Eye diagram
Automatically
characterizes NRZ and RZ eye patterns. Measurements are based on statistical analysis of
the waveform.
Mask test
Acquired signals are tested for fit outside areas defined by up to eight polygons. Standard or user-defined
masks can be selected.
General
Operating temperature range
+5 °C to +40 °C
Power
+6 VDC ± 5%.
1.9 A max. Mains adaptor supplied for UK/US/EU/AUS/NZ.
PC connection
USB 2.0 (compatible with USB 1.1)
PC requirements
32-bit edition of Windows XP (SP2 or above), 32- or 64-bit edition of Windows Vista or Windows 7
Rise Time, 10% to 90%
calculated from Tr=0.35/BW Full
Bandwidth
Narrow Bandwidth
= 29.2 pS
= 43.7 pS
RMS noise, maximum Full
Bandwidth
Narrow Bandwidth
< 2 mV
< 1.5 mV
Note: Averaging reduces noise, until a system
limitation of approximately 100 μV RMS is reached
Scale factors (sensitivity)
2 mV/div to 500 mV/div (full scale is 8 divisions).
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0.5% fine increments.
DC Voltage Accuracy
±2% of full vertical scale ±2 mV at a temperature
within ± 3°C of vertical calibration temperature
DC Offset Range
Adjustable from -1 V to 1 V in 25 mV increments
(coarse). Also adjustable in fine increments of 1
mV.
Nominal input impedance
(50 ± 1)
Ω
Input connectors
SMA (F)
Timebase (horizontal)
Timebases
Main, Intensified, Delayed, or Dual Delayed
Scale Factors Main Time Base Delayed Time Bases
Full scale is 10 divisions
10 ps/div to 50 ms/div.
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0,1% fine increment.
10 ps/div to current Main Time Base setting.
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0.1% fine increments.
Sampling Methods Sequential Equivalent Time
Sampling Combine Equivalent Time
Sampling Sequential Real Time
Sampling
Acquires one sample per trigger. Time base from
10 ps/div to <1 μs/div.
Acquires a packet of samples per one trigger.
Time Base from =1 μs/div to <10 μs/point.
Acquires full acquisition per one trigger. Time
Base from =10 μs/point to 50 ms/div.
Delta time interval accuracy
For >450 ps/div: ±0,2% of of Delta Time Interval
± 15 ps.
For =450 ps/div: ± 15 ps or ± 5% of of Delta
Time Interval ± 5 ps, whichever is smaller.
Note: at a temperature within ± 3°C of horizontal
calibration temperature.
Typical Timing Accuracy
The time base uses a series of near 4.7-ns blocks.
Time base linearity and small discontinuities
across these blocks contribute to the 15-ps
accuracy specification.
Variable Delay (Time offset
relative to trigger)
Up to 10000 screen widths of Delayed Time Base
or 499.95 ms, whichever is smaller.
Minimum Delay (Minimum
time offset relative to trigger)
<40 ns
Display Units
Time or Bit Period
Time interval resolution
=(screen width) / (record length) or 200 fs,
whichever is larger.
Note: The time interval resolution is the smallest
time you can resolve between two points.
Trigger
Trigger sources
External Direct Trigger, External Prescaled
Trigger, Internal Clock Trigger (internally
connected to direct trigger), Clock Recovery
Trigger
Trigger Modes
Triggered: causes the scope to trigger
synchronously with the trigger input signal.
Freerun: causes the scope to generate its own
triggers.
Trigger Holdoff
Adjustable from 5 μs to 1 s in a 1-2-5-10
sequence, or in 8 ns increments.
Internal Clock Repetition Rate
16 ns to 2 ms in a 1-2-5-10 sequence, or in 8 ns
increments.
Direct trigger bandwidth and sensitivity
100 mV p-p DC to 100 MHz, increasing linearly from 100 mV p-p at 100 MHz to
200 mV p-p at 1 GHz
Prescaled trigger bandwidth and sensitivity
200 mV p-p to 2 V p-p from 1 GHz to
7 GHz, 300 mV p-p to 1 V p-p from 7 to 8
GHz, 400 mV p-p to 1 V p-p 8 to 10 GHz
typical
Trigger RMS jitter, maximum
4 ps + 20 ppm of delay setting
Acquisition
ADC resolution
16 bits
Vertical Resolution
125 μV/LSB or less without averaging. Up to 16
bits with averaging
Operating input voltage
With Digital Feedback (Single-valued signal
acquisition): 1 V p-p at ±1 V range.
Without Digital Feedback (Multi-valued signal
acquisition): ±300 mV relative to channel offset.
±400 mV relative to channel offset, typical.
Maximum Safe Input Voltage
16 dBm, or ± 2 V (DC + peak AC)
Deskew (The difference in
delay between channels)
Can be nulled out with 1-ps resolution to
compensate for differences in input cables or
probe length. Up to 100 ns of skew can be nulled
out.
Attenuation Range Units Scale
Attenuation factors may be entered to scale the
oscilloscope for external attenuators connected to
the channel inputs
0.00001:1 to 1,000,000:1
Ratio or dB
Volt, Watt, Ampere, or Unknown
Channel-to-channel isolation
DC to
=45 dB for input frequency DC to 8.5 GHz, =35 dB
for input frequency >8.5 GHz to 12 GHz./span>
Digitizing rate
DC to
200 kHz maximum
Acquisition modes
Sample (normal), average, envelope, or peak detect
Data record length
32 to 4096 points maximum per channel in x2 sequence
Vertical bars, horizontal bars (measure volts) or waveform markers (x and +)
Automatics measurements
Up to 40 automatic pulse measurements
Histogram
Vertical or horizontal
Mathematics
Up to four math waveforms can be defined and displayed
FFT
Up to two fast Fourier transforms can be run simultaneously with the built-in filters (Rectangular, Nicolson,
Hanning, Flattop, Blackman- Harris and Kaiser-Bessel)
Eye diagram
Automatically
characterizes NRZ and RZ eye patterns. Measurements are based on statistical analysis of
the waveform.
Mask test
Acquired signals are tested for fit outside areas defined by up to eight polygons. Standard or user-defined
masks can be selected.
Clock Recovery and Pattern Sync Trigger
Sensitivity
50 mV p-p typ from 12.3 Mb/s to
1 Gb/s continuous rate
100 mV p-p typ from 1
Gb/s to
2.7 Gb/s continuous rate
Pattern Sync
Trigger
10 Mb/s to 8 Gb/s with pattern length from 7 to 65,535 max
Recover clock RMS trigger jitter, maximum
1 ps + 1.0% of unit interval
Maximum safe trigger input voltage
±2 V (DC + peak AC)
Trigger input connector
SMA (F) 50
Ω, AC coupled.
Generators
Output Channels
Two channels: Output 1 and Output 2.
Trigger
Via Internal Clock Trigger (internally connected to
direct trigger).
Modes
Step: Generates a pulse having one leading step
per acquisition cycle with a fixed pulse width.
Coarse TB: Generates an oscillation synchronous
with coarse timebase generator and having
frequency near 210 MHz.
Pulse: Generates pulses with selectable period,
width, and delay. Slope and deskew can be
selected for each channel independently.
NRZ: Outputs a selectable PRBS (pseudorandom
binary sequence) polynomial of NRZ format.
Clock,period and pattern length are selectable.
Internal trigger is selectable between clock and
pattern. Slope and deskew between channels can
be selected for each channel independently.
RZ: Outputs a selectable PRBS polynomial of RZ
format. Clock, period and pattern length are
selectable. Internal trigger is selectable between
clock and pattern. Slope and deskew between
channels can be selected for each channel
independently.
Step Mode Width Delay Rise/Fall Time (20% to 80%) Aberrations
Output High Level Output Low Level RMS Jitter
Fixed value between 580 ns and 640 ns.
Range: 0 to 15 steps.
Step: near 4.7 ns.
130 ps or less @ 50 Ω external termination.
100 ps typ.
±4% or less over the zone 2 ns before leading
step transition.
+2%, -15% or less for the first 3 ns following
leading step transition.
+2%, -5% or less over the zone 3 ns to 20 ns
following leading step transition.
±2% or less over the zone 20 ns to 500 ns
following leading step transition.
0 V to -50 mV @ 50
Ω external termination.
-330 mV to -470 mV @ 50
Ω external termination.
4.5 ps + 20 ppm of delay setting, typical.
5 ps + 20 ppm of delay setting, maximum @ 50%
DESKEW control.
Coarse TB Mode
Frequency between 200 MHz and 220 MHz
Pulse Mode Period
Width
Delay
RMS Jitter
Range: 8 ns to 524 μs.
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: 100 ppm.
Range (for =40 ns period): 18 ns to (Period - 14
ns).
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: ±(1 ns + 100 ppm*Width).
Range: 0 ns to (Period - 16 ns).
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: ±(1 ns + 100 ppm*Delay).
30 ps, typical
NRZ Mode Clock
Delay
Pattern Length Internal Trigger Source
Range: 8 ns to 524 μs.
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: 100 ppm.
Range: 0 ns to (Clock - 16 ns) for Clock =32 ns.
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: ±(1 ns + 100 ppm*Delay).
27-1 (127 bits), 210-1 (1023 bits), 211-1 (2047
bits), 215-1 (32767 bits).
Clock or Pattern.
Range: 16 ns to 524 μs.
Resolution: 4 digits or 16 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: 100 ppm.
Delay Range: 0 ns to (Clock - 16 ns) for Clock =32 ns.
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: ±(1 ns + 100 ppm*Delay).
Pattern Length 27-1 (127 bits), 210-1 (1023 bits), 211-1 (2047
bits), 215-1 (32767
Trigger input connector
SMA (F) 50
Ω, AC coupled.
TDR/TDT
TDR/TDT Channels
2
TDR Stimulus
Internal generators (Output 1 or Output
2), or External
Step Transition
Internal generator: negative only.
External generator: positive or
negative.
TDR Incident Step Amplitude Output
High Level
Output Low Level
0 V
to -25 mV @ 50 Ω external termination.
-165 mV to -235 mV @ 50 Ω external
termination
TDR Reflected Step Amplitude
(188
± 34) mV.
(94 ± 17) mV on the screen.
TDT Step Amplitude Output
High Level
Output Low Level
0 V
to -50 mV @ 50 Ω external termination.
-330 mV to -470 mV @ 50 Ω external
termination
TDR
Incident System Rise Time (Combined
Oscilloscope, Step Generator and TDR,
20% to 80%)
100 ps or less @ 50 Ω external
termination, typical
TDR Reflected System Rise Time (Combined
Oscilloscope, Step Generator and TDR,
20% to 80%)
100 ps or less @ 50 Ω external
termination, typical
TDR Aberrations
±10%
or less over the zone 2 ns before
leading step transition.
+5%, -15% or less for the first 3 ns
following leading step transition.
+3%, -5% or less over the zone 3 ns to
20 ns following leading step transition.
±2% or less over the zone 20 ns to 500
ns following leading step transition.
TDT Incident System Rise Time (Combined
Oscilloscope and Step Generator, 20% to
80%)
100 ps or less @ 50 Ω external
termination, typical
TDT Aberrations
±4%
or less over the zone 2 ns before
leading step transition.
+2%, -15% or less for the first 3 ns
following leading step transition.
+2%, -5% or less over the zone 3 ns to
20 ns following leading step transition.
±2% or less over the zone 20 ns to 500
ns following leading step transition.
Corrected Characteristic for internal
generators
Minimum Rise Time: 100 ps or 0.1 x
time/div, whichever is greater, typical.
Maximum: 3 x time/div, typical.
TDR Normalized Aberration for internal
generators
=3% typical
TDT Normalized Aberration for internal
generators
=0.5% typical
Vertical Scale
Volts,
Rho (10 mrho/div to 2 rho/div),
Ohm (1 ohm/div to 100 ohm/div).
Horizontal Scale
Time or Distance (Meter, Foot, Inch)
Distance Preset Units
Propagation Velocity (0.1 to 1.0) or
Dielectric Constant (1 to 100)
General
Operating temperature range
+5 °C to +40 °C
Power
+6 VDC ± 5%. 2.9 A max. Mains adaptor supplied for UK/US/EU/AUS/NZ.
PC connection
USB 2.0 (compatible with USB 1.1), 10/100 Mb/s LAN - cable supplied
PC requirements
32-bit edition of Windows XP (SP2 or above), 32- or 64-bit edition of Windows Vista or Windows 7
Rise Time, 10% to 90%
calculated from Tr=0.35/BW Full
Bandwidth
Narrow Bandwidth
= 29.2 pS
= 43.7 pS
RMS noise, maximum Full
Bandwidth
Narrow Bandwidth
< 2 mV
< 1.5 mV
Note: Averaging reduces noise, until a system
limitation of approximately 100 μV RMS is reached
Scale factors (sensitivity)
2 mV/div to 500 mV/div (full scale is 8 divisions).
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0.5% fine increments.
DC Voltage Accuracy
±2% of full vertical scale ±2 mV at a temperature
within ± 3°C of vertical calibration temperature
DC Offset Range
Adjustable from -1 V to 1 V in 25 mV increments
(coarse). Also adjustable in fine increments of 1
mV.
Nominal input impedance
(50 ± 1)
Ω
Input connectors
SMA (F)
Timebase (horizontal)
Timebases
Main, Intensified, Delayed, or Dual Delayed
Scale Factors Main Time Base Delayed Time Bases
Full scale is 10 divisions
10 ps/div to 50 ms/div.
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0,1% fine increment.
10 ps/div to current Main Time Base setting.
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0.1% fine increments.
Sampling Methods Sequential Equivalent Time
Sampling Combine Equivalent Time
Sampling Sequential Real Time
Sampling
Acquires one sample per trigger. Time base from
10 ps/div to <1 μs/div.
Acquires a packet of samples per one trigger.
Time Base from =1 μs/div to <10 μs/point.
Acquires full acquisition per one trigger. Time
Base from =10 μs/point to 50 ms/div.
Delta time interval accuracy
For >450 ps/div: ±0,2% of of Delta Time Interval
± 15 ps.
For =450 ps/div: ± 15 ps or ± 5% of of Delta
Time Interval ± 5 ps, whichever is smaller.
Note: at a temperature within ± 3°C of horizontal
calibration temperature.
Typical Timing Accuracy
The time base uses a series of near 4.7-ns blocks.
Time base linearity and small discontinuities
across these blocks contribute to the 15-ps
accuracy specification.
Variable Delay (Time offset
relative to trigger)
Up to 10000 screen widths of Delayed Time Base
or 499.95 ms, whichever is smaller.
Minimum Delay (Minimum
time offset relative to trigger)
<40 ns
Display Units
Time or Bit Period
Time interval resolution
=(screen width) / (record length) or 200 fs,
whichever is larger.
Note: The time interval resolution is the smallest
time you can resolve between two points.
Trigger
Trigger sources
External Direct Trigger, External Prescaled
Trigger, Internal Clock Trigger (internally
connected to direct trigger), Clock Recovery
Trigger
Trigger Modes
Triggered: causes the scope to trigger
synchronously with the trigger input signal.
Freerun: causes the scope to generate its own
triggers.
Trigger Holdoff
Adjustable from 5 μs to 1 s in a 1-2-5-10
sequence, or in 8 ns increments.
Internal Clock Repetition Rate
16 ns to 2 ms in a 1-2-5-10 sequence, or in 8 ns
increments.
Direct trigger bandwidth and sensitivity
100 mV p-p DC to 100 MHz, increasing linearly from 100 mV p-p at 100 MHz to
200 mV p-p at 1 GHz
Prescaled trigger bandwidth and sensitivity
200 mV p-p to 2 V p-p from 1 GHz to
7 GHz, 300 mV p-p to 1 V p-p from 7 to 8
GHz, 400 mV p-p to 1 V p-p 8 to 10 GHz
typical
Trigger RMS jitter, maximum
4 ps + 20 ppm of delay setting
Optical Channel
Unfiltered Optical Bandwidth
DC to 8 GHz typical. DC to 7 GHz guaranteed @
Full Electrical Bandwidth.
Effective Wavelength Range
750 nm to 1650 nm
Calibrated wavelengths
850 nm (MM), 1310 nm (MM/SM), 1550 nm (SM)
Transition time (10% to 90%
calculated from Tr = 0.48/BW
optical)
60 ps, max
RMS noise, maximum
4 μW (1310 & 1550 nm), 6 μW (850 nm)
Scale Factors (Sensitivity)
1 μV/div to 400 μV/div (full scale is 8 divisions)
DC Accuracy, typical
±25 μW ±10% of full vertical scale
Maximum input peak power
+7 dBm (1310 nm)
Fiber Input
Single-mode (SM) or Multi-mode (MM)
Fiber input connector
FC/PC
Input Return Loss
SM: -24 dB, typical
MM: -16 dB, typical,-14 dB, maximum
125 μV/LSB or less without averaging. Up to 16
bits with averaging
Operating input voltage
With Digital Feedback (Single-valued signal
acquisition): 1 V p-p at ±1 V range.
Without Digital Feedback (Multi-valued signal
acquisition): ±300 mV relative to channel offset.
±400 mV relative to channel offset, typical.
Maximum Safe Input Voltage
16 dBm, or ± 2 V (DC + peak AC)
Deskew (The difference in
delay between channels)
Can be nulled out with 1-ps resolution to
compensate for differences in input cables or
probe length. Up to 100 ns of skew can be nulled
out.
Attenuation Range Units Scale
Attenuation factors may be entered to scale the
oscilloscope for external attenuators connected to
the channel inputs
0.00001:1 to 1,000,000:1
Ratio or dB
Volt, Watt, Ampere, or Unknown
Channel-to-channel isolation
DC to
=45 dB for input frequency DC to 8.5 GHz, =35 dB
for input frequency >8.5 GHz to 12 GHz./span>
Digitizing rate
DC to
200 kHz maximum
Acquisition modes
Sample (normal), average, envelope, or peak detect
Data record length
32 to 4096 points maximum per channel in x2 sequence
Vertical bars, horizontal bars (measure volts) or waveform markers (x and +)
Automatics measurements
Up to 40 automatic pulse measurements
Histogram
Vertical or horizontal
Mathematics
Up to four math waveforms can be defined and displayed
FFT
Up to two fast Fourier transforms can be run simultaneously with the built-in filters (Rectangular, Nicolson,
Hanning, Flattop, Blackman- Harris and Kaiser-Bessel)
Eye diagram
Automatically
characterizes NRZ and RZ eye patterns. Measurements are based on statistical analysis of
the waveform.
Mask test
Acquired signals are tested for fit outside areas defined by up to eight polygons. Standard or user-defined
masks can be selected.
Clock Recovery and Pattern Sync Trigger
Sensitivity
50 mV p-p typ from 12.3 Mb/s to
1 Gb/s continuous rate
100 mV p-p typ from 1
Gb/s to
2.7 Gb/s continuous rate
Pattern Sync
Trigger
10 Mb/s to 8 Gb/s with pattern length from 7 to 65,535 max
Recover clock RMS trigger jitter, maximum
1 ps + 1.0% of unit interval
Maximum safe trigger input voltage
±2 V (DC + peak AC)
Trigger input connector
SMA (F) 50
Ω, AC coupled.
General
Operating temperature range
+5 °C to +40 °C
Power
+6 VDC ± 5%. 2.9 A max. Mains adaptor supplied for UK/US/EU/AUS/NZ.
PC connection
USB 2.0 (compatible with USB 1.1), 10/100 Mb/s LAN - cable supplied
PC requirements
32-bit edition of Windows XP (SP2 or above), 32- or 64-bit edition of Windows Vista or Windows 7
Rise Time, 10% to 90%
calculated from Tr=0.35/BW Full
Bandwidth
Narrow Bandwidth
= 29.2 pS
= 43.7 pS
RMS noise, maximum Full
Bandwidth
Narrow Bandwidth
< 2 mV
< 1.5 mV
Note: Averaging reduces noise, until a system
limitation of approximately 100 μV RMS is reached
Scale factors (sensitivity)
2 mV/div to 500 mV/div (full scale is 8 divisions).
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0.5% fine increments.
DC Voltage Accuracy
±2% of full vertical scale ±2 mV at a temperature
within ± 3°C of vertical calibration temperature
DC Offset Range
Adjustable from -1 V to 1 V in 25 mV increments
(coarse). Also adjustable in fine increments of 1
mV.
Nominal input impedance
(50 ± 1)
Ω
Input connectors
SMA (F)
Timebase (horizontal)
Timebases
Main, Intensified, Delayed, or Dual Delayed
Scale Factors Main Time Base Delayed Time Bases
Full scale is 10 divisions
10 ps/div to 50 ms/div.
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0,1% fine increment.
10 ps/div to current Main Time Base setting.
Adjustable in a 1-2-5-10 sequence. Also
adjustable in 0.1% fine increments.
Sampling Methods Sequential Equivalent Time
Sampling Combine Equivalent Time
Sampling Sequential Real Time
Sampling
Acquires one sample per trigger. Time base from
10 ps/div to <1 μs/div.
Acquires a packet of samples per one trigger.
Time Base from =1 μs/div to <10 μs/point.
Acquires full acquisition per one trigger. Time
Base from =10 μs/point to 50 ms/div.
Delta time interval accuracy
For >450 ps/div: ±0,2% of of Delta Time Interval
± 15 ps.
For =450 ps/div: ± 15 ps or ± 5% of of Delta
Time Interval ± 5 ps, whichever is smaller.
Note: at a temperature within ± 3°C of horizontal
calibration temperature.
Typical Timing Accuracy
The time base uses a series of near 4.7-ns blocks.
Time base linearity and small discontinuities
across these blocks contribute to the 15-ps
accuracy specification.
Variable Delay (Time offset
relative to trigger)
Up to 10000 screen widths of Delayed Time Base
or 499.95 ms, whichever is smaller.
Minimum Delay (Minimum
time offset relative to trigger)
<40 ns
Display Units
Time or Bit Period
Time interval resolution
=(screen width) / (record length) or 200 fs,
whichever is larger.
Note: The time interval resolution is the smallest
time you can resolve between two points.
Trigger
Trigger sources
External Direct Trigger, External Prescaled
Trigger, Internal Clock Trigger (internally
connected to direct trigger), Clock Recovery
Trigger
Trigger Modes
Triggered: causes the scope to trigger
synchronously with the trigger input signal.
Freerun: causes the scope to generate its own
triggers.
Trigger Holdoff
Adjustable from 5 μs to 1 s in a 1-2-5-10
sequence, or in 8 ns increments.
Internal Clock Repetition Rate
16 ns to 2 ms in a 1-2-5-10 sequence, or in 8 ns
increments.
Direct trigger bandwidth and sensitivity
100 mV p-p DC to 100 MHz, increasing linearly from 100 mV p-p at 100 MHz to
200 mV p-p at 1 GHz
Prescaled trigger bandwidth and sensitivity
200 mV p-p to 2 V p-p from 1 GHz to
7 GHz, 300 mV p-p to 1 V p-p from 7 to 8
GHz, 400 mV p-p to 1 V p-p 8 to 10 GHz
typical
Trigger RMS jitter, maximum
4 ps + 20 ppm of delay setting
Optical Channel
Unfiltered Optical Bandwidth
DC to 8 GHz typical. DC to 7 GHz guaranteed @
Full Electrical Bandwidth.
Effective Wavelength Range
750 nm to 1650 nm
Calibrated wavelengths
850 nm (MM), 1310 nm (MM/SM), 1550 nm (SM)
Transition time (10% to 90%
calculated from Tr = 0.48/BW
optical)
60 ps, max
RMS noise, maximum
4 μW (1310 & 1550 nm), 6 μW (850 nm)
Scale Factors (Sensitivity)
1 μV/div to 400 μV/div (full scale is 8 divisions)
DC Accuracy, typical
±25 μW ±10% of full vertical scale
Maximum input peak power
+7 dBm (1310 nm)
Fiber Input
Single-mode (SM) or Multi-mode (MM)
Fiber input connector
FC/PC
Input Return Loss
SM: -24 dB, typical
MM: -16 dB, typical,-14 dB, maximum
125 μV/LSB or less without averaging. Up to 16
bits with averaging
Operating input voltage
With Digital Feedback (Single-valued signal
acquisition): 1 V p-p at ±1 V range.
Without Digital Feedback (Multi-valued signal
acquisition): ±300 mV relative to channel offset.
±400 mV relative to channel offset, typical.
Maximum Safe Input Voltage
16 dBm, or ± 2 V (DC + peak AC)
Deskew (The difference in
delay between channels)
Can be nulled out with 1-ps resolution to
compensate for differences in input cables or
probe length. Up to 100 ns of skew can be nulled
out.
Attenuation Range Units Scale
Attenuation factors may be entered to scale the
oscilloscope for external attenuators connected to
the channel inputs
0.00001:1 to 1,000,000:1
Ratio or dB
Volt, Watt, Ampere, or Unknown
Channel-to-channel isolation
DC to
=45 dB for input frequency DC to 8.5 GHz, =35 dB
for input frequency >8.5 GHz to 12 GHz./span>
Digitizing rate
DC to
200 kHz maximum
Acquisition modes
Sample (normal), average, envelope, or peak detect
Data record length
32 to 4096 points maximum per channel in x2 sequence
Vertical bars, horizontal bars (measure volts) or waveform markers (x and +)
Automatics measurements
Up to 40 automatic pulse measurements
Histogram
Vertical or horizontal
Mathematics
Up to four math waveforms can be defined and displayed
FFT
Up to two fast Fourier transforms can be run simultaneously with the built-in filters (Rectangular, Nicolson,
Hanning, Flattop, Blackman- Harris and Kaiser-Bessel)
Eye diagram
Automatically
characterizes NRZ and RZ eye patterns. Measurements are based on statistical analysis of
the waveform.
Mask test
Acquired signals are tested for fit outside areas defined by up to eight polygons. Standard or user-defined
masks can be selected.
Clock Recovery and Pattern Sync Trigger
Sensitivity
50 mV p-p typ from 12.3 Mb/s to
1 Gb/s continuous rate
100 mV p-p typ from 1
Gb/s to
2.7 Gb/s continuous rate
Pattern Sync
Trigger
10 Mb/s to 8 Gb/s with pattern length from 7 to 65,535 max
Recover clock RMS trigger jitter, maximum
1 ps + 1.0% of unit interval
Maximum safe trigger input voltage
±2 V (DC + peak AC)
Trigger input connector
SMA (F) 50
Ω, AC coupled.
Generators
Output Channels
Two channels: Output 1 and Output 2.
Trigger
Via Internal Clock Trigger (internally connected to
direct trigger).
Modes
Step: Generates a pulse having one leading step
per acquisition cycle with a fixed pulse width.
Coarse TB: Generates an oscillation synchronous
with coarse timebase generator and having
frequency near 210 MHz.
Pulse: Generates pulses with selectable period,
width, and delay. Slope and deskew can be
selected for each channel independently.
NRZ: Outputs a selectable PRBS (pseudorandom
binary sequence) polynomial of NRZ format.
Clock,period and pattern length are selectable.
Internal trigger is selectable between clock and
pattern. Slope and deskew between channels can
be selected for each channel independently.
RZ: Outputs a selectable PRBS polynomial of RZ
format. Clock, period and pattern length are
selectable. Internal trigger is selectable between
clock and pattern. Slope and deskew between
channels can be selected for each channel
independently.
Step Mode Width Delay Rise/Fall Time (20% to 80%) Aberrations
Output High Level Output Low Level RMS Jitter
Fixed value between 580 ns and 640 ns.
Range: 0 to 15 steps.
Step: near 4.7 ns.
130 ps or less @ 50 Ω external termination.
100 ps typ.
±4% or less over the zone 2 ns before leading
step transition.
+2%, -15% or less for the first 3 ns following
leading step transition.
+2%, -5% or less over the zone 3 ns to 20 ns
following leading step transition.
±2% or less over the zone 20 ns to 500 ns
following leading step transition.
0 V to -50 mV @ 50
Ω external termination.
-330 mV to -470 mV @ 50
Ω external termination.
4.5 ps + 20 ppm of delay setting, typical.
5 ps + 20 ppm of delay setting, maximum @ 50%
DESKEW control.
Coarse TB Mode
Frequency between 200 MHz and 220 MHz
Pulse Mode Period
Width
Delay
RMS Jitter
Range: 8 ns to 524 μs.
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: 100 ppm.
Range (for =40 ns period): 18 ns to (Period - 14
ns).
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: ±(1 ns + 100 ppm*Width).
Range: 0 ns to (Period - 16 ns).
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: ±(1 ns + 100 ppm*Delay).
30 ps, typical
NRZ Mode Clock
Delay
Pattern Length Internal Trigger Source
Range: 8 ns to 524 μs.
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: 100 ppm.
Range: 0 ns to (Clock - 16 ns) for Clock =32 ns.
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: ±(1 ns + 100 ppm*Delay).
27-1 (127 bits), 210-1 (1023 bits), 211-1 (2047
bits), 215-1 (32767 bits).
Clock or Pattern.
Range: 16 ns to 524 μs.
Resolution: 4 digits or 16 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: 100 ppm.
Delay Range: 0 ns to (Clock - 16 ns) for Clock =32 ns.
Resolution: 4 digits or 8 ns, whichever is larger.
Accuracy: ±(1 ns + 100 ppm*Delay).
Pattern Length 27-1 (127 bits), 210-1 (1023 bits), 211-1 (2047
bits), 215-1 (32767
Trigger input connector
SMA (F) 50
Ω, AC coupled.
TDR/TDT
TDR/TDT Channels
2
TDR Stimulus
Internal generators (Output 1 or Output
2), or External
Step Transition
Internal generator: negative only.
External generator: positive or
negative.
TDR Incident Step Amplitude Output
High Level
Output Low Level
0 V
to -25 mV @ 50 Ω external termination.
-165 mV to -235 mV @ 50 Ω external
termination
TDR Reflected Step Amplitude
(188
± 34) mV.
(94 ± 17) mV on the screen.
TDT Step Amplitude Output
High Level
Output Low Level
0 V
to -50 mV @ 50 Ω external termination.
-330 mV to -470 mV @ 50 Ω external
termination
TDR
Incident System Rise Time (Combined
Oscilloscope, Step Generator and TDR,
20% to 80%)
100 ps or less @ 50 Ω external
termination, typical
TDR Reflected System Rise Time (Combined
Oscilloscope, Step Generator and TDR,
20% to 80%)
100 ps or less @ 50 Ω external
termination, typical
TDR Aberrations
±10%
or less over the zone 2 ns before
leading step transition.
+5%, -15% or less for the first 3 ns
following leading step transition.
+3%, -5% or less over the zone 3 ns to
20 ns following leading step transition.
±2% or less over the zone 20 ns to 500
ns following leading step transition.
TDT Incident System Rise Time (Combined
Oscilloscope and Step Generator, 20% to
80%)
100 ps or less @ 50 Ω external
termination, typical
TDT Aberrations
±4%
or less over the zone 2 ns before
leading step transition.
+2%, -15% or less for the first 3 ns
following leading step transition.
+2%, -5% or less over the zone 3 ns to
20 ns following leading step transition.
±2% or less over the zone 20 ns to 500
ns following leading step transition.
Corrected Characteristic for internal
generators
Minimum Rise Time: 100 ps or 0.1 x
time/div, whichever is greater, typical.
Maximum: 3 x time/div, typical.
TDR Normalized Aberration for internal
generators
=3% typical
TDT Normalized Aberration for internal
generators
=0.5% typical
Vertical Scale
Volts,
Rho (10 mrho/div to 2 rho/div),
Ohm (1 ohm/div to 100 ohm/div).
Horizontal Scale
Time or Distance (Meter, Foot, Inch)
Distance Preset Units
Propagation Velocity (0.1 to 1.0) or
Dielectric Constant (1 to 100)
General
Operating temperature range
+5 °C to +40 °C
Power
+6 VDC ± 5%. 2.9 A max. Mains adaptor supplied for UK/US/EU/AUS/NZ.
PC connection
USB 2.0 (compatible with USB 1.1), 10/100 Mb/s LAN - cable supplied
PC requirements
32-bit edition of Windows XP (SP2 or above), 32- or 64-bit edition of Windows Vista or Windows 7
